A person engages in multiple online discussions with a large number of friends on Facebook. d. use conscious thought as a means to decrease physiological signs of anxiety. The problem with this approach is that mental disorders are not typically caused by a solitary factor, but multiple causes. The rabbit was far enough away so as not to cause distress. d. A girl is anxious about giving a speech in front of her class. Robin struggles to make decisions about romantic partners, jobs, and even what to wear. Which model is MOST likely to suggest using free association to uncover unconscious processes? Check out the following from Harvard Health for more on depression and the brain as a cause: Other Books in the Discovering Psychology Series, Module 3: Clinical Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment, Module 5: Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders, Module 8: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders, Module 9: Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, Module 11: Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders, Module 12: Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders, Module 15: Contemporary Issues in Psychopathology, Instructor Resources Instructions - READ FIRST, 2.1. b. The biopsychosocial model (BPS) was first proposed by George L. Engel and Jon Romano of the University of Rochester in 1977. No one form of couple therapy stands out as superior to others. The nervous system consists of two main parts the central and peripheral nervous systems. What are the five psychosexual stages according to Freud? Freud said this resistance revealed where issues persisted. Since you dont have time, you decide to study only for the classes in which the teacher provided a study guide. The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of: a. ego theory. This is called the, Step 5 After a short time, the neuron can fire again, but needs greater than normal levels of stimulation to do so. According to Freud, our personality has three parts the id, superego, and ego, and from these our behavior arises. A) cognitive-behavioral B) sociocultural C) psychodynamic D) humanistic-existential B? d. past traumatic experiences. Would you want notes from the student in the front or back of the class? Shonda responds by changing the subject. 145. Soon, the patient begins seeking the therapist's approval for all types of decisions, rather than just making the decisions herself. 94. It was fun for me to swim in a lake near my house as a child. Again, your schema about front row and back row students is incorrect and causes you to make certain assumptions about these individuals. 157. Briefly, these included: The article also suggested a few non-cognitive restructuring techniques, including mindfulness meditation and self-compassion. d. Bandura. a. We should also note the existence of non-associative learning or when there is no linking of information or observing the actions of others around you. A couple therapist who focuses on acceptance and positive change where possible is using _____ therapy. See Figure 2.1 below. c. existential Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to: a. genetic make-up. Biological theorists view abnormal behavior as a(n): a. illness. These therapies have proven efficacy for the treatment of depression (Kalibatseva & Leong, 2014) and schizophrenia (Naeem et al., 2015). d. integrate new behaviors to compensate for other damaging behaviors. All of the following describe drawbacks of the cognitive-behavioral model EXCEPT: a. it is difficult to test in the laboratory. They all attempt to explain the causes and treatments for all psychological illnesses, and all from a different approach. If a therapist advised you to pay attention to how you were communicating with family members and to change harmful patterns, the therapist would MOST likely be practicing: a. couple therapy. a. Abnormal behavior in the family causes an individual to develop dual personalities: one for the public and one for at home. c. Behavior that one group would classify as abnormal may be the norm in another group. a. psychoanalysis. The sociocultural model has contributed significantly to our understanding of the nuances of mental illness diagnosis, prognosis, course, and treatment for other races, cultures, genders, ethnicities. A friend recommends this therapy. Over time, he begins to understand how events in his early life have impacted how he functions now. We see this in the case of reflexes. I know my grandmother used to. d. displacement. She has developed depression due to a serotonin deficiency. 68. You might make the case that some of the side effects are worse than the condition they are treating. Clarify what psychodynamic techniques are used. Bertha, known in published case studies as Anna O., was expected to complete the formal education typical of upper-middle-class girls, which included foreign language, religion, horseback riding, needlepoint, and piano. Which statement is TRUE regarding the models of abnormality? Attributions and cognitive errors. There will be some variability in terms of what symptoms are displayed, but in general, all people with a specific psychopathology have symptoms from that group. c. superego. The ego has a challenging job to fulfill, balancing both the will of the id and the superego, and the overwhelming anxiety and panic this creates. Watson and Skinner defined behavior as what we do or say, but later behaviorists added what we think or feel. According to a 2018 report (Prochaska & Norcross), the dominant approach used by clinical psychologists is: a. existential. Humans have several of these reflexes, though not as many as other animals due to our more complicated nervous system. Describe commonly used treatments for mental illness. b. anal stage. In the classroom, we might use modeling to demonstrate to a student how to do a math problem. Describe how communication in the nervous system occurs. a. Existential therapy is very new, and there hasnt yet been enough time to conduct thorough research. How is the anatomy of the brain important to a discussion of psychopathology? 1. During the time-out, no one interacts with the child. Researchers who have looked into the link between religious devotion and psychological well-being have come to the following conclusion that: c. sociocultural They include Lisdexamfetamine, the combination of dextroamphetamine and amphetamine, and Methylphenidate. Which statement regarding the outcomes of couple therapy is FALSE? c. psychosurgery. Glial cells are support cells in the nervous system that serve five main functions: Finally, nerves are a group of axons bundled together like wires in an electrical cable. 79. Low socioeconomic status has been linked to higher rates of mental and physical illness (Ng, Muntaner, Chung, & Eaton, 2014) due to persistent concern over unemployment or under-employment, low wages, lack of health insurance, no savings, and the inability to put food on the table, which then leads to feeling hopeless, helpless, and dependency on others. Existential therapy is used to treat substance abuse, excessive anxiety, apathy, alienation, nihilism, avoidance, shame, addiction, despair, depression, guilt, anger, rage, resentment, embitterment, purposelessness, psychosis, and violence. Add them up and see if making some minor, or major, adjustments to your schedule will free an hour to get in some valuable exercise. d. it is too narrow in certain ways. The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of: Nari was taking the bar exam and was concerned that she didn't know the answers to many of the questions. c. psychodynamic-gestalt. Albert Bandura conducted pivotal research on observational learning, and you likely already know all about it. b. dendrites. Which model of abnormality cites physical processes as being the key to behavior? And if a nipple is placed in their mouth, they will also automatically suck via the sucking reflex. b. cultural. b. modeling. Rita is seeing a gestalt therapist because she has anxiety about confronting her sister regarding painful interactions from their childhood. Cats were food deprived the night before the experimental procedure was to occur. 59. These included risk versions of two genes that regulate the flow of calcium into cells. Likewise, twin and family studies have shown that people with first-degree relatives suffering from OCD are at higher risk to develop the disorder themselves. a. cognitive-behavioral b. sociocultural c. psychodynamic d. humanistic-existential, 10. Depersonalization can be defined as a feeling of unreality or detachment from oneself. Still, we violate these values at times and experience feelings of guilt. This is where assessing information about others comes in and involves the cognitive process of perception, or adding meaning to raw sensory data. Genes, Hormonal Imbalances, and Viral Infections. Cognitive-behavioral approaches used to treat social anxiety disorder aim to: a. increase positive self-talk and decrease risk taking. Evaluating psychodynamic theory. c. There is limited research supporting biological causes of mental illness. The model of abnormality that focuses on unconscious internal processes and conflicts in behavior is the _____ model. Clarify how gender factors affect mental illness. The uni-dimensional model proposes a single factor as the cause of psychopathology while the multi-dimensional model integrates multiple causes of psychopathology and affirms that each cause comes to affect other causes over time. a. existential Anne has distant parents, failing grades, and insufficient funds for basic necessities and also develops depression. The perspective is overly precise. The so-called new wave of cognitive therapy differs from traditional cognitive therapy in that it emphasizes: a. challenging irrational cognitions. c. psychodynamic c. who believe in a higher being are the healthiest. How does the existential perspective approach psychopathology? Hormones are important to psychologists because they manage the nervous system and body tissues at certain stages of development and activate behaviors such as alertness or sleepiness, sexual behavior, concentration, aggressiveness, reaction to stress, and a desire for companionship. A man has cheated on his partner and he feels very guilty, but soon he begins to make excuses, saying that his partner has nagged him for years. a. gestalt b. object relations c. cognitive-behavioral d. self, 124. In Banduras experiment, children were first brought into a room to watch a video of an adult playing nicely or aggressively with a Bobo doll, which provided a model. During CBT a therapist will actively work with a person to uncover unhealthy patterns of thought and how they may be causing self-destructive behaviors and beliefs. CBT attempts to identify negative or false beliefs and restructure them. 29. In other words, they present themselves in a favorable light. Our focus will be on partial/intermittent reinforcement. It might be that the disorder causes dysfunction in the family, rather than the dysfunctional family causing the disorder.
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